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Goddess ATHENA π· Greece Grece Griechenland π· 20 Lepta 1926 π· UNC uncleaned
$ 15.31
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Athena
Goddess of wisdom, handicraft, and warfare.
[1]
Member of the
Twelve Olympians
Mattei Athena
at
Louvre
. Roman copy from the 1st century BC/AD after a Greek original of the 4th century BC, attributed to Cephisodotos or Euphranor.
Abode
Mount Olympus
Symbol
Owls
,
olive trees
,
snakes
,
Aegis
,
armour
,
helmets
,
spears
,
Gorgoneion
Personal information
Parents
In the
Iliad
:
Zeus
alone
In
Theogony
: Zeus and
Metis
[a]
Siblings
Aeacus
,
Angelos
,
Aphrodite
,
Apollo
,
Ares
,
Artemis
,
Dionysus
,
Eileithyia
,
Enyo
,
Eris
,
Ersa
,
Hebe
,
Helen of Troy
,
Hephaestus
,
Heracles
,
Hermes
,
Minos
,
Pandia
,
Persephone
,
Perseus
,
Rhadamanthus
, the
Graces
, the
Horae
, the
Litae
, the
Muses
, the
Moirai
Children
No natural children, but
Erichthonius of Athens
was her adoptive son
Equivalents
Roman equivalent
Minerva
Etruscan equivalent
Menrva
Canaanite equivalent
Anat
[3]
Egyptian equivalent
Neith
Celtic equivalent
Sulis
This article contains
special characters
.
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.
Athena
[b]
or
Athene
,
[c]
often given the
epithet
Pallas
,
[d]
is an
ancient Greek goddess
associated with wisdom, handicraft, and warfare
[1]
who was later
syncretized
with the
Roman goddess
Minerva
.
[4]
Athena was regarded as the patron and protectress of various cities across Greece, particularly the city of
Athens
, from which she most likely received her name.
[5]
The
Parthenon
on the
Acropolis of Athens
is dedicated to her. Her major symbols include
owls
,
olive trees
, snakes, and the
Gorgoneion
. In art, she is generally depicted wearing a helmet and holding a spear.
From her origin as an Aegean
palace goddess
, Athena was closely associated with the city. She was known as
Polias
and
Poliouchos
(both derived from
polis
, meaning "city-state"), and her temples were usually located atop the fortified
acropolis
in the central part of the city. The
Parthenon
on the
Athenian Acropolis
is dedicated to her, along with numerous other temples and monuments. As the patron of craft and weaving, Athena was known as
Ergane
. She was also a
warrior goddess
, and was believed to lead soldiers into battle as
Athena Promachos
. Her main festival in Athens was the
Panathenaia
, which was celebrated during the month of
Hekatombaion
in midsummer and was the most important festival on the Athenian calendar.
In
Greek mythology
, Athena was believed to have been born from the forehead of her father
Zeus
. In the
founding myth
of Athens, Athena bested
Poseidon
in a competition over patronage of the city by creating the first olive tree. She was known as
Athena Parthenos
"Athena the Virgin," but in one archaic
Attic
myth, the god
Hephaestus
tried and failed to rape her, resulting in
Gaia
giving birth to
Erichthonius
, an important Athenian founding hero. Athena was the patron goddess of heroic endeavor; she was believed to have aided the heroes
Perseus
,
Heracles
,
Bellerophon
, and
Jason
. Along with
Aphrodite
and
Hera
, Athena was one of the three goddesses
whose feud
resulted in the beginning of the
Trojan War
.
She plays an active role in the
Iliad
, in which she assists the
Achaeans
and, in the
Odyssey
, she is the divine counselor to
Odysseus
. In the later writings of the Roman poet
Ovid
, Athena was said to have competed against the mortal
Arachne
in a weaving competition, afterward transforming Arachne into the first spider; Ovid also describes how she transformed
Medusa
into a
Gorgon
after witnessing her being raped by Poseidon in her temple. Since the
Renaissance
, Athena has become an international symbol of wisdom, the arts, and
classical learning
. Western artists and
allegorists
have often used Athena as a symbol of
freedom
and
democracy
.